![]() The big problem is that working in machine code is particularly unfriendly and makes creating programs time-consuming and error-prone. Every byte was manually allocated and managed and so was the use of the machine's internal registers where the work was done. ![]() A programmer would know how the machine worked and would carefully craft code to achieve a result that took minimum time and/or memory. That was not the case back in the 1950s when every new computer had its own language - machine code tied to the architecture of the machine and designed to make the best of its features. Invented at IBM by a group led by John Backus, FORTRAN, standing for "FORmula TRANslator" was to first language to crack the problem of converting mathematical expressions to code.įrom today's perspective the idea that the same computer language can be used on a variety of hardware is taken for granted. The very first successful FORTRAN program ran on September 20, 1954. ![]() FORTRAN - A Breakthrough Computer Language
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